关于采访的问题一览：
Overview of Interview Questions:

请先做个简短的自我介绍

（姓名、职业、所在地等）
Jiang Yue
PhD candidate
Hong Kong SAR,China

个人背景和研究
Personal Background and Research

1. 学术背景

本科为五年制中医专业学士，研究生为三年制中西医结合硕士（学术型），研究领域为中医药临床研究方法学。（我简单口语化修改一下）

I hold a Bachelor's degree in Traditional Chinese Medicine, a five-year program, and a Master's degree in the integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, a three-year academic program. My research area focuses on the methodology of clinical research in Traditional Chinese Medicine.

研究领域为：中医药临床研究方法学

Research Area:

Methodology of clinical research in Traditional Chinese Medicine

中医在现代社会中的角色The Role of TCM in Modern Society

2. 中医现代化

主流观点认为，中医为现代医疗体系外的补充替代医疗疗法之一。个人认为中医与现代医学在世界观和方法论上存在着巨大差异，但都作用于人体并且用于处理人体与疾病的关系，在这个角度上两者没有冲突。但是由于现代医学占了医疗的主要地位，因此中医被迫退为补充替代医疗，并且常常不得不面对一些西医尚未有有效且明确治疗手段的疾病，因此即使中医产生疗效，但依然很难受到社会的认可。（中西医差别）

The prevailing opinion is that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) serves as a complementary and alternative medical practice outside the modern healthcare framework. I believe that TCM and modern medicine differ greatly in their worldviews and methodologies, yet both engage with the human body and its relationship to disease, presenting no inherent conflicts. However, the predominant status of modern medicine has forced TCM into a supplementary role, where it often addresses ailments that lack effective Western treatments. Consequently, even effective TCM treatments struggle to achieve broad societal recognition due to these disparities between Chinese and Western medicine.


香港的中医发展与大陆有着极大的差异，首先体现在香港的中医并没有在公立和私立医疗体系内占据独立的诊疗地位，也就是说香港没有独立的中医医院，医学里也没有专门的中医科室，中医仅只能以门诊的方式存在在香港的主流医疗系统之外。并且大量的商业保险对中医的报销也更为严苛及金额较低。此外，由于与西医存在利益冲突，因此大量的基因对中医之偏见态度即使民间对于中医的认可度相较于中国大陆更高。（港陆中医差别）

In Hong Kong, the development of TCM starkly contrasts with that in Mainland China. In Hong Kong, TCM does not enjoy an independent diagnostic or therapeutic status within the public or private healthcare sectors—there are no dedicated TCM hospitals, nor any specialized TCM departments within medical facilities. Instead, TCM operates solely as outpatient services outside the mainstream healthcare system. Furthermore, commercial insurance policies in Hong Kong are more restrictive and offer lower reimbursements for TCM services. Moreover, due to conflicts of interest with Western medicine, a significant prejudice against Traditional Chinese Medicine persists, even though TCM enjoys higher public acceptance in Hong Kong compared to Mainland China.

4. 创新与传承 Innovation and Tradition

中医的传承制非常有意义，因为我常常说中医的典籍其实更类似于现代循证医学理论中的病例系列或者临床操作指南，而非单纯的医生经验或者临床病案报告。在这种情况下师承制度就非常的重要，因为师承教育下传承的不仅仅是经验，还有对临床操作的规范。但是很遗憾，我的研究并没有涉及到相关方面的数据分析，或者专家意见调查，所以上面都只是我个人的观点和体会。

The mentorship system in TCM holds tremendous importance. I often describe the classical texts of TCM as paralleling the series of case studies or clinical guidelines found in modern evidence-based medicine, rather than just anecdotal experiences or clinical case reports. In this context, the mentorship system is vital because it transmits not only experiential knowledge but also standards for clinical practice. Unfortunately, my research does not include data analysis or surveys of expert opinions on this subject, so my insights here are strictly based on personal observations and experiences.

本问第二点，这是一个非常巨大的话题，也许展开数千字也不能完全回答。中医的继承发展与创新体现在方方面面，不仅仅是学校教育，还包括临床跟诊个人学习或者是科学研究。

As for the second question, it opens a broad and complex topic that thousands of words might not completely encapsulate. The inheritance, development, and innovation of TCM are evident across various dimensions—not just within school education but also through clinical apprenticeships, personal study, and scientific research.

首先在学校教育方面，中医的传承做得并不是特别好，但据我所知已经有大量的中医药院校在开展本科导师制或者本科跟诊制度了，比如云南中医药大学江苏中医药大学，这是对过去中医药院校教育制度的一种反思，也是对中医药教育中继承这个方面的重新重视。其次对中医药教育的发展与创新比较难以总结，我觉得现代院校的中医药教育对学生的综合能力要求更强，主要表现为要求学生掌握更多更全面的西医知识，有助于学生走路临床面对西医诊疗体系下的大量检查化验和疾病报告，这是对传统师承教育的发展也是突破传统中医教育的创新。同时院校教育和院校研究更多得要求学者与学生的科研能力，这几乎完全有赖于基础研究细胞病毒等实验室研究，是过去中医不曾有的，这些研究对中医药传统世界观和哲学理论的构建和发展并无大作用，而是不断得从自然科学角度进行细分。但是对于了解作用机制，毒理药理作用确实起到了关键作用，尤其是建立在这些试验基础上完成了对传统药物的挖掘，比如青蒿素的发现与应用。虽然一部分人认为，很难评价这是否是真的在发展中医还是接着中医的外壳做着现代实验室研究，但我任然认同这是一种创新。

Firstly, in terms of school education, the transmission of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has not been particularly well-managed. However, many TCM institutions, such as Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu University of Chinese Medicine, have implemented undergraduate mentorship systems or clinical shadowing systems. This reflects a reevaluation of past educational approaches in TCM institutions and a renewed focus on the inheritance aspect of TCM education.Secondly, summarizing the development and innovation in TCM education is challenging. Modern institutions require students to have stronger comprehensive abilities, primarily demanding a broader understanding of Western medicine. This knowledge benefits students when entering clinical settings dominated by Western medical diagnostic systems, including numerous tests, lab work, and disease reports. This approach not only advances traditional apprenticeship education but also innovates by breaking away from conventional TCM education. Additionally, institutional education and research increasingly require scientific research skills from scholars and students, heavily relying on basic research in laboratories focused on cell biology and virology—areas previously unexplored by TCM. Although these studies do not significantly impact the construction and development of traditional TCM worldviews and philosophical theories, they continuously analyze them from a natural science perspective. Understanding mechanisms of action, as well as toxicological and pharmacological effects, plays a critical role, especially in exploring traditional medicines based on experimental foundations, such as the discovery and application of artemisinin. While some may find it difficult to determine whether this truly represents the development of TCM or is merely a continuation of TCM under the guise of modern laboratory research, I still believe it constitutes an innovation

公共历史和中医传承Public History and Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance

5. 文化传承

In what ways do you think more people can be made aware of and recognize TCM?

中医传承和发展存在的挑战主要是传承得断代和由此带来的发展无力。作为以师承教育传承千余年的学科，由于一二战过程中，中国本土长期遭受侵略和殖民，加上工业革命对经济文化的冲击和现代西医的传入，传统中国文化背景下成长的中医师已经寥寥无几。即使有部分家传但大量学派和流派传承人，但现代的中医学习者和中医师往往都是在西方科学思维教育下成长的，对中医世界观的理解可能存在困难和偏差。这种冲突一方面给学习者本身带来困难，一方面又在社会中广泛存在，导致学习者的学科自我认同也受到影响。

The primary challenges in the inheritance and development of TCM stem from breaks in its transmission, leading to a lack of momentum in its advancement. As a discipline traditionally passed down through apprenticeship for over a thousand years, TCM has been deeply affected by the invasions and colonization of China during the World Wars, along with the economic and cultural upheavals brought about by the Industrial Revolution and the introduction of modern Western medicine. Consequently, very few TCM practitioners today have been raised within the framework of traditional Chinese culture. Although some lineages and schools have been maintained through family inheritance, many modern TCM learners and practitioners have been educated within the context of Western scientific thinking, which can lead to challenges and misconceptions in understanding the TCM worldview. This conflict presents difficulties not only for the learners themselves but also permeates society, impacting their sense of identity within the discipline.

（文化断层、教育断代、民间中医）

首先需要在基础教育和社会宣传中增加传统文化世界观的普及，包括对阴阳五行和中医基础理论的简单介绍，尤其是中医整体观念，见微知著，四诊合参等特点得介绍等。其次，社交媒体对于中医知识类账号的审核标准需要有中医专业人士参与。平台审核规则应该对夸大其词虚假宣传的账号进行清理，但是对进行中医知识科普的账号给予流量扶持。最后中医药院校应当主动拿地区中医宣传工作，开展义诊讲座等，大学生志愿者进入中小学参与文化知识宣讲课，教授老师开班公益讲座等。（教育和平台推广以及政策革新）

First, greater emphasis should be placed on promoting the traditional cultural worldview in basic education and public outreach, including a straightforward introduction to the theories of Yin-Yang, the Five Elements, and the foundational principles of TCM. This should particularly emphasize TCM's holistic perspective, its ability to discern the significant from the subtle, and the integrated use of the four diagnostic methods. Secondly, the review standards for TCM-related accounts on social media should include input from TCM professionals. While platform regulations should remove accounts that engage in exaggerated or false advertising, those that disseminate TCM knowledge should be given increased visibility. Lastly, TCM universities should actively take on the responsibility of promoting TCM within their communities by organizing free clinics and lectures. University student volunteers could participate in cultural knowledge sessions at primary and secondary schools, and professors could offer public lectures as part of outreach programs.

6. 未来展望

中医药未来发展将有广阔的前景。中医药的“养生”，“治未病”概念与现代人追求监考随着国健康生活的需求契合。同时随着国家人口老龄化时代的到来，康养产业的民间资本的涌入会给中医与康养的结合带来新的动力。政策上也会有越来越多的机会给到中医药产业以及从业人员。近年来，中医药相关的科研资金投入正在逐年增加，因此也会有越来越多中医药相关研究不断推进，产出科研成果，进一步成为推动中医药发展的动力。

The future of TCM looks very promising. The TCM principles of "health preservation" and "preventive treatment" align perfectly with the modern emphasis on healthy living. Additionally, as China's population continues to age, the influx of private capital into the wellness industry will create new opportunities for integrating TCM with wellness care. There will also be more policy support for the TCM industry and its practitioners. In recent years, research funding for TCM has been steadily increasing, which will lead to ongoing advancements in the field, producing scientific breakthroughs that will further propel the development of TCM.

师承问题上面已经回答过。

The question regarding apprenticeship has already been answered.